Jaltomata (Solanaceae) of the Department Ancash, Peru
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Thomas Mione and Segundo Leiva G.

The information on this page may be cited as a communication with professor Thomas Mione,
Central Connecticut State University, Biology Department, Copernicus Hall, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, Connecticut 06050-4010, United States of America.

 
yungayensis
lomana
cajacayensis
andersonii
bicolor
weberbaueri
"anterapilosa"
Flower
Habit
shrub
shrub
shrub
herbaceous (perennial?)
shrub
woody and sometimes vining,
described as a shrub by one collector, as an herb in the protologue and by one collector
Plant Height
to 2.3 m
80 cm
to 1.1 m
20 cm
to 1.5 m
to 2 m
 
Flowers Per Inflorescence
4- to 11-flowered
5- to 7-flowered
6- to 14-flowered
1
2 - 4 (-6)
1 less commonly 2 (uncommonly to 3 with one of these being a flower and two being buds)
 
Corolla Shape and Size (size when pressed) campanulate to rotate, 11.5 - 15.5 mm diam short-tubular with a spreading limb, the tube 1.6 X 4 mm at base, the limb11-14 mm diam.
short-tubular with a reflexed limb. Tube 2 X 6.5-8 mm; limb 10.3 - 19.2 mm diam.
broadly crateriform-rotate; to 3.7 cm across
tubular with a flaring to planar limb, 2 - 3 cm long
campanulate to rotate, to 6 cm across
 
Corolla Color
purple with a pale green throat
white
limb dull olive green; narrow purple ring surrounding mouth of tube evident in photo
purple (brown and whitish green on one specimen)
green in Department Ancash (bicolored in Dept Lima)
purple or violet
 
Corolla having 5 pairs of maculae
yes
yes (we forgot to mention this in the protologue!)
yes
yes, visible in the photo
no
no
 
elevation (m)
(2,958) 3,000 - 4,150
450 - 650
2,400 - 2,639
2,300 - 3,400
2,945 - 3,820
(3,000-)
3,400 - 3,800
 
Both pedicel and peduncle?
yes
yes
yes
no, single unarticulated axis
yes
yes
 
Hairs
Young axes, peduncles, pedicels, leaves, and abax calyx puberulent with branchlet and finger hairs to 0.15 mm long.
young axes, peduncles, pedicels, leaves and calyx nealy glabrous
young exes, peduncles, pedicels, and abax calyx villous with erect, gland-tipped finger hairs to 3 mm
soft, gland-tipped
glabrate or sparsely hairy with non-gland-tipped finger or dendritic hairs
glabrous
(except for base of filament and adax face of corolla)
 
 
 
yungayensis
lomana
cajacayensis
andersonii
bicolor
weberbaueri
"anterapilosa"
Stamen Length (mm)
2.8 - 3.9
5.5 - 6.5
7
6.9 - 7.2 mm
25 - 30
19.5 - 24
 
Filaments
villous on proximal 1/5th
villous on proximal 1/2
villous on proximal 4/5th
filaments extremely villous at base
villous on proximal 1/4th
hairy on proximal 1/10th to 1/5th
 
Anther color
cream
no data
cream
drying brown
(or yellow if covered with pollen)
blue to purple
blue-purple
 
nectar color
clear
no data
clear
clear
clear
red-orange
 
Fruit Color
orange
no data
said to be orange
probably orange
green according to herbarium specimen labels, but I suspect it turns orange
orange
 
Fruit Eaten?
no
no data
yes
no data
yes
yes
 
Months in flower Jan, Apr, May, Jun, Oct, Dec
Jan, Sep
Jan, Jun, Nov
Jan, Feb, Mar
Nov - July (mostly Jan, Mar, Apr)
Jan, Mar, Apr, May, Jun
 
Endemic to department Ancash?
yes
yes
yes

no
all specimens but one are from department Lima

no
but if the purple-corolla plants (Dept Lima) are considered a different sp. the answer will be yes
yes
yes
Common? Rare?
closer to common than rare
rare
locally common
rare in department Ancash
common
uncommon to rare
 
Natural Group
2a
2b
2b
2a
no data
2c
 
Bowl-shaped layer of tissue formed by bases of stamens?
no
no
no
no
no
no
 
 
 
yungayensis
lomana
cajacayensis
andersonii
bicolor
weberbaueri
"anterapilosa"
Synonyms
none
none
none
none
Hebecladus bicolor (R. & P.) Miers.
H. biflorus (R. & P.) Miers.
H. intermedius Miers
H. weberbaueri Dammer
Saracha weberbaueri Dammer.
Possibly Saracha weberbaueri subsp. pallascana Bitter
none
Sources
Mione, Leiva G. & Yacher 2004
none
in this table photo or illustration by
T. Mione
S. Leiva G.
T. Mione
T. Mione
T. Mione
T. Mione
S. Leiva G.
T. Mione, S. Leiva G. & Yacher collection numbers 628, 629, 630, 723, 724
631
624, 729
616, 620,622
612, 617, 625, 627, 726, 728
626, 725
none
Page Number in Brako and Zarucchi
this sp. had not been described when I contributed to this work
this sp. had not been described when I contributed to this work
this sp. had not been described when I contributed to this work
this sp. had not been described when I contributed to this work
1107
1108
this sp. had not been described when I contributed to this work
Page Number(s) in Macbride 1962
this sp. was not described
what is now the type specimen of this sp. was then considered to represent Saracha dentata on page 34
this sp. was not described
this sp. was not described
30-31 as Hebecladus bicolor; 35 as H. intermedius
40 as Saracha weberbaueri
this sp. was not described

Key to the Jaltomata of Department Ancash, Peru:

1. Stamens longer than 15 mm...................... 2.
1. Stamens shorter than 15 mm . . . . . . . . . . . 3.

2. Corolla tubular . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J. bicolor
2. Corolla campanulate to rotate . . . . . J. weberbaueri

3. Flowers solitary, single unarticulated axis instead of peduncle and pedicel . . . . . J. andersonii
3. Flowers per inflorescence greater than one, both peduncle and pedicel present. . . . . 4.

4. Corolla campanulate to rotate, filaments villous along less than proximal half. . . . . . J. yungayensis
4. Corolla proximally short-tubular, filaments villous at least on proximal one-half . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.

5. Plant hairy. . . . . . . . . . . . . J. cajacayensis
5. Plant glabrous . . . . . . . . . . . J. lomana

Comparison With Department Lima: The department of Lima borders the department of Ancash on Ancash's south side. Both Lima and Ancash have seven species. Two of the species are shared (J. andersonii & J. bicolor). Only one specimen of J. andersonii has been collected in the department of Ancash. Regarding J. bicolor, in Ancash the corolla is green (as shown above) and in department Lima the corolla is purple. If these actually represent different species then the plants from Ancash will get a new name. If J. bicolor is split in this manner, then we will report that only one Jaltomata species is shared in the departments of Lima and Ancash. With the current taxonomy, two of Lima's seven species are shared with Ancash, and two of Ancash's seven species are shared with the department of Lima.

Red-Orange Nectar: In the Department of Ancash only J. weberbaueri produces red-orange nectar. Click here for a table of Jaltomata species having red to orange nectar.

Islands: One of these species (J. lomana) may be viewed as growing on a virtual island (lomas). Two additional Jaltomata species grow on oceanic islands, J. antillana (Greater Antilles) and J. werffii (Galápagos Islands).

Literature Cited
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Acknowledgements: Segundo Leiva G. and I thank Leon Yacher for his collaboration. David Spooner sent T. M. his specimens. Gregory J. Anderson and Gabriel Bernardello provided an environment that was conducive to the birth of this project as T. M.'s dissertation.

The information on this page may be cited as a communication with professor Thomas Mione,
Central Connecticut State University, Biology Department, Copernicus Hall, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, Connecticut 06050-4010, United States of America.