| Jaltomata contumacensis S. Leiva & Mione | Peru |
page updated 2009 |
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The information on this page may be cited as a personal communication with Thomas Mione (Biology Department, Central Connecticut State Uiversity, New Britain, CT 06050-4010) and Segundo Leiva G. (Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Av. América Sur 3145, Casilla postal 1075, Trujillo Peru). |
Link to the Jaltomata of Cajamarca, Peru |
This species was discovered by Segundo Leiva G., and described in his masters thesis (Leiva G., 1998), and by Mione & Leiva: Novon 17: 49-58. 2007
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Top two photos by T. Mione. 2nd Row Left: Sagástegui & Leiva 15832. Photo by S. Leiva. 3rd Row Left: Two flowers. Leiva & Sagástegui 1825. Photo by S. Leiva. |
2nd row right: unripe fruits, branches and leaves. Leiva & Sagástegui 1826. Photo by S. Leiva 3rd Row Right: Bilobed stigma of collection Mione & Leiva 656, placed in 70% ethanol in Peru when the collection was made, and photographed in Connecticut Sept 2004 with a dissecting scope. Papillae 25 to 48 micrometers long. Photo by T. Mione. |
TYPE: Peru. Cajamarca: Prov. Contumazá, Bosque Cachil, betw. Cascas and Contumazá, 2740 m, 16 Jun. 1999, S. Leiva G., T. Mione & L. Yacher 2356 (holotype, HAO; isotypes, F, MO, USN).
Frutex; laminae ad 8.7 x 5.3 cm, membranaceae, dendritici-piliferae pro maxima parte; inflorescentia 2- (3-) flora; corolla urceolata-tubulosa, pallide viridis, limbus 13--17.5 mm, lobis 10; stamina 10--16 mm, antherae 2--2.75 mm; styli 8--21 mm.
| Character | description |
|---|---|
| Habit & Height | Leaning shrub 0.7--4 m high |
| Young axes | young axes green, angular, lanate to glabrate with mostly branchlet hairs and some interspersed finger hairs |
| Woody axes | woody stems to 2.3 cm in diameter at base, terete, with lenticels, glabrous, light brown |
| Leaves | alternate, often geminate, the blade ovate to lanceolate, membranous, to 8.7 X 5.3 cm, densely to sparsely pubescent on both faces, the apex acute, the base rounded, the margin entire to somewhat repand, ciliate; petiole to 2.1 cm. |
| Flowers Per Inflorescence | axillary, 2-(3) flowered and fruited |
| Peduncle & Pedicel | 15 (-21) mm; pedicel 7--20 mm; both terete, green, and densely to sparsely pubescent with branchlet hairs |
| Calyx | green, rotate to somewhat reflexed during anthesis, to 17 mm across, the lobes deltoid, adaxially glabrous, abaxially with a dense covering of mostly branchlet but some finger hairs, the margin ciliate; calyx at fruit maturity to 23 mm across. |
| Corolla shape including lobes/lobules, and size | urceolate-tubular with a broad, slightly recurved 10-lobed limb, the tube 10--11 mm long, the limb 13--17.5 mm across, narrowly triangular lobes 4 X 2.5 mm alternating with 5 lighter lobules |
| Corolla color and hairs | light-green, the lobules lighter than the lobes; abaxially sparsely pubescent with branchlet, finger and forked hairs and abundant glands, the margin ciliate |
| Anther length & color | 2--2.75 mm, sometimes mucronate, exserted 1--8 mm beyond the mouth of the corolla |
| Stamens | 10--16 mm; filaments purple at base (not evident on pressed specimens), otherwise green, pubescent on proximal 20--40% of the length with simple unpigmented hairs |
| Stigma | capitate, bilobed (often obscured by pressing), green, 0.5--1.1 mm, gynoecium glabrous except for stigma papillae 25 to 48 µm long |
| Disk around ovary | disk broad, girdling base of ovary |
| Style length (hermaphroditic phase) | 8--21 mm, pale green |
| Nectar | usually translucent, sometimes orange |
| Herkogamy? | stigma exserted to 5.8 mm beyond anthers |
| Fruit color (at maturity) and size | Berries subspherical, orange and to 13 mm across at maturity |
| Seeds | light brown, 1.38--1.74 X 1.17--1.32 X 0.45--0.54 mm, sub-reniform to sub-orbicular |
| Chromosome number | no data |
Discussion. Jaltomata contumacensis is similar to J. yacheri, and to J. biflora (Ruiz & Pavón) Benítez of the Department of Junín, Peru. Jaltomata contumacensis grows to four m high, bears predominantly branchlet hairs, has light-colored anthers, and the corolla lobules are conspicuous. In contrast, J. biflora grows to about one meter, bears predominatly gland-tipped finger hairs, has purple anthers, and the corolla lobules are inconspicuous (Mione et al., 2001).
Distribution, ecology, and etymology. Jaltomata contumacensis grows in Peru, Department of Cajamarca, province Contumazá, between 2530 and 3000 m. It is abundant along streams and has been collected in the interior of forests. Sagástegui et al. (1995) correctly listed this species among those of Bosque Cachil, a forest fragment. Flowering is in January, and both flowers and fruits were noted in March, April and June. The specific epithet refers to the province of Contumazá.
Paratypes. PERU. Cajamarca: Prov. Contumazá, Bosque Cachil, A. Sagástegui 15570 (F, HAO), S. Leiva G. 1775 (HAO), T. Mione, S. Leiva & L. Yacher 656 (MO); arriba de Bosque Cachil, S. Leiva G. 1762 (F, HAO); alrededores de Bosque Cachil, S. Leiva 1766 (HAO); Ruta Contumazá–-Cascabamba, S. Leiva & A. Sagástegui A. 1825 (HAO), S. Leiva & A. Sagástegui A. 1826 (HAO); S. Leiva G., A. Sagástegui A. & V. Quipiscoa 1941 (HAO); Shamon (ca. Cascabamba), A. Sagástegui A. & S. Leiva G. 15832 (HAO); ruta Pampa de La Sal–-Lledén, S. Leiva G., A. Sagástegui A. & V. Quipiscoa 1947 (F, HAO); alrededores de San Martín, S. Leiva G., A. Sagástegui A. & V. Quipiscoa 1960 (F, HAO).