Jaltomata (Solanaceae) of department La Libertad, Peru
Segundo Leiva G., Thomas Mione, Leon Yacher
Link to Jaltomata home page
The information on this page may be cited as a communication with Segundo Leiva G., (Universidad Privada Antenor Orrego, Av. América Sur 3145, Casilla postal 1075, Trujillo Peru) and the web page author professor Thomas Mione, Central Connecticut State University, Biology Department, Copernicus Hall, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, Connecticut 06050-4010, United States of America.

Flower

species

habit and plant height

Mione #

Distribution

Altitude
 Hairs Fl Per Inflor Corolla form


Corolla size (mm)

 Radial corolla thick-enings?

Corolla color

Nectar Color

Corolla:
Ring of green maculate?		 Corolla lobules

Anther Size

(undehisced, pickled in Peru)

seeds per fruit Months in flower  

green fruit & orange nectar

perennial herb 70 cm high

 

Peru, La Libertad, province Otuzco

1420 - 1870 m

leaves glabrous
1

campanulate;
Aftter pickled: 3 cm across X 1 cm deep; fresh fl 3.4 cm across in photo.

No
Cor green

Nectar orange
Yes, at base of corolla
No, inward notch instead
3.4 - 4
mm
251 - 469!
March

dendroidea

shrub to 4 m high

 

Peru, La Libertad, province
Patáz

3360 - 3475 m

leaves:
hairs all or predominatnly dendritic
1 - 3 (-4)
campanulate;

3.2 cm across X 1.1 cm deep
yes, evident in photo
Cor green

Nectar red
No
essentially lacking (see photos)
3.04 - 3.24 mm
217
(n = 1)
June

tayabambae

shrub to 3 m high

Peru, La Libertad, province
Patáz

3200 m

  1 - 2 (-3) campanulate;
yes, evident in photo
Cor green

Nectar red
No
essentially lacking (see photos)
 

204
(n = 1)
June

guillermo-guerrae

shrub to 1.2 m high

Peru: Dept La Libetad, province Santiago de Chuco

3400 - 3549 m

leaves glabrous
1 - 2
campanulate;

3.2 - 3.6 cm across X 2 cm deep
yes
Cor blue-green

Nectar red
No
Lobules present, (evident in photo)
5 mm
264
(n = 1)
June

sanchez-vegae

shrub to 1.4 m high



Peru, Departments Cajamarca and
La Libertad


3000 - 3300 m

gland-tipped finger hairs
1 - 2

urceolate-tubular with a recurved limb

11 across at base, the limb 17 mm broad X 12 long (=deep)
yes

green with a purple base

nectar clear in Peru, turning orange* on cultivated plants in Connecticut
No
Lobules present, (evident in photo), triangular, slightly longer than wide or as long as wide.

anthers
2.7 - 3.5 mm
long
X
1.3 - 1.8 mm wide

(undehisced pickled in CT or Peru)

177 - 181
(from protologue,
counts by Leiva)

37 - 60,
(n = 3 fruits, counted in Peru, 647)

 

Nov,
Dec,
Jan,
Mar,
Apr,
June

 
ventricosa

shrub to 1 m
Mione
Peru, La Libertad

2900 - 3500 m
glabrate
1 - 2 (-4)
urceolate,

limb revolute;
12-14.5 broad X 8-10 long (=deep)
yes

whitish to pale yellow

Nectar
orange-red

No
Lobules present, (evident in photo)
2.6 - 3 mm (cultivated in Connecticut, fresh not pickled)

59 seeds
(n = 1 fruit, from a plant cultivated in Connecticut).

118-181 ovules per ovary (n = 3 ovaries)

Dec, Jan, Feb, May, June
  
Flower

species

habit and plant height

Mione #

Distribution


Altitude

 Hairs Fl Per Inflor Corolla form

Corolla size (mm)

Radial
corolla
thick-
enings?

Corolla color

 

Nectar Color

Corolla:
Ring of green maculate?		 Corolla lobules

Anther Size mm

(undehisced, pickled in Peru)

seeds per fruit Months in flower  

bernardelloana

shrub 1-2 (-4)
m high
Peru, La Libertad, province Otuzco
leaves pubescent (evident in photos posted on this species' homepage)
6 - 12 (-18)
urceolate

1 cm long (to 1.3 cm long pressed incl lobes)
No

purple

nectar color: no data

No
Lobules present, (evident in photo)
2.3 - 2.45 mm long X 1.85 - 1.9 mm wide, not mucronate, not mucronulate
no data
March, May & June

Shrub
0.8 m high

"tablachaca"

Peru, Departments La Libertad and Ancash   5 short-tubular with rotate limb No nectar clear yes, evident in photo yes, evident in photo at right   50 - 71 May, June

Leiva 2346 = Mione 651, Leiva 2339 = Mione 645

Shrub

Peru: Dept La Libetad, Santiago de Chuco

3020 m

  12     nectar clear yes, evident in photo yes, evident in photo     June

salpoensis

shrub to 60 cm

 

Peru: Depts La Libertad, Cajamarca, Amazonas

2963 - 3750 m

glabrous 2 - 4

crateriform

 

 no

white

nectar clear

yes on 706 and 738, not mentioned in protologue no      

lezamae

shrub to 60 cm

Peru, Departments Cajamarca & La Libertad

2000 - 2700 m

young axes densely pubescent, all the hairs gland-tipped 2 - 4 crateriform- infundibular no

white

 

nectar clear

no yes, evident in photo   248 seeds per fruit (n = 1 fruit, Mione et al. 661) Feb., Mar., Apr., May, Jun, Dec calyx hairless, mature fruits green

Leiva 2345

shrub 50 cm high

Mione 650

Peru: Dept La Libertad, prov Santiago de Chuco

2640 m

dense covering of gland-tipped finger hairs of varying lengths 2 (- 4) rotate, but in the wild flowers approached a condition we could call short-tubular no

white

nectar clear

 yes yes, evident in photo 1.75-2 undehisced 162 seeds per fruit (n = 1 fruit, Mione et al. 650) June

nigricolor

shrub to 1.2m

 Peru: Dept La Libertad, prov Patáz

3360 to 3475 m 		dense covering of gland-tipped sticky finger hairs 1 (sometimes also a small bud) rotate, but some of the flowers approached a condition we could call short-tubular no

white

nectar clear

 yes, evident in photo yes, evident in photo
1.74
  June
Flower

species

habit and plant height

Mione #

Distribution


Altitude

 Hairs Fl Per Inflor

Corolla form

 


Corolla size (mm)

Radial corolla thickenings?

Corolla color

Nectar Color

Corolla:
Ring of green maculate?		 Corolla lobules?

Anther Length mm

 seeds per fruit Months in flower

J. truxillana

shrub to 80 cm high

 

Peru, La Libertad, province Trujillo, endemic to one small sea-side mountain

660 - 780 m

  6 (-8)     nectar clear yes, evident in photo       August - October Leaves Deciduous!
? new variety or new subspecies of J. cajamarca? Peru, La Libertad, near Huaranchal
2000 m 		densely villous young stems, the hairs simple and gland-tipped - 9 including buds short-tubular No

pale purple to nearly white

nectar clear

 No yes, evident in photo undehisced anthers not found the single day we encountered this population 41 - 60 (n = 3 fruits) May

J. mionei

 

 Peru, La Libertad   6 - 10 short-tubular No nectar clear Yes          
 

Small Leaves:
Leiva 2338 = Mione 644

Shrub to 1 m

Peru, La Libertad, prov Santiago de Chuco, Cachicadán   5     nectar clear       2 - 5 June leaves, including petiole, no longer than 4.5 cm

* corolla transparent, so nectar can be seen through corolla wall
Lobules - lobules alternate with corolla lobes when present. In the photos above lobules are clearly evident in J. nigricolor. Flowers that were stored in 70% ethanol when collected, and photos of flowers, were used to check lobules.
Radial Corolla Thickenings - where present, these extend from base of stamen to sinus or lobule of corolla. In the photos above these are evident in J. dendroidea.

"tablachaca" same as Hebecladus weberbaueri Bitter (not H. weberbaueri Dammer): probably.

The first species in the table (working name "green fruit & orange nectar") differs from all others in the department by having herbaceous above-ground parts, green (nearly white) mature fruits, a style tapering to a point (proximal to distal), and a bowl-shaped layer of tissue formed by bases of the stamens (this holds the nectar inside of this bowl and around the ovary). This is the only species known to be visited by hummingbirds (others may be).

Photos of J. sinuosa shown above: collection Mione 650 photographed in the CCSU greenhouse, plants grown from seed collected in Peru, Dept. La Libertad.

Literature Cited
Geographic Distribution of the genus Jaltomata
Description of the genus Jaltomata

Acknowledgements: T. Mione & Segundo Leiva G. thank Leon Yacher for collaboration. David Spooner sent specimens to T.M.
Gregory J. Anderson and Gabriel Bernardello provided an environment conducive to the birth of this project.