Jaltomata leivae Mione
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The information on this page may be cited as a communication with professor Thomas Mione
Central Connecticut State University, Biology Department, Copernicus Hall, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, Connecticut 06050-4010, United States of America
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| Above: Flower estimated to be in day one of being open because anthers are undehisced (Photo by Mione in Peru, collection Mione, Leiva G. & Yacher 660). | Flower estimated to be in day two or day three of being open: anthers have all dehisced. Note, by comparing flower at left and right, how the corolla has become revolute after the flower opened (Photo by Mione in Peru, collection Mione, Leiva G. & Yacher 660). |
Frutex vel suffrutex; laminae ad 11 x 5.3 cm, membranaceae, glabratae; inflorescentia (1-) 2 (-3)-flora; corolla urceolata, basi rubroviolacea limbus totus revolutus, 14 mm latus, lobis 10; stamina 11--14 mm, antherae 1.9--3 mm; styli 9--18 mm.
Suffrutescent or shrub, erect or sometimes leaning, to 2.5 m across when leaning on other vegetation; young axes angulate, green, glabrate with finger or branchlet hairs; woody stems to 2 cm in diameter at base, nearly terete, glabrous with lenticels, brown.
Leaves alternate, often geminate, the blade ovate to elliptical, to 11 X 5.3 cm, membranous, both faces glabrate, the youngest (smallest) leaves with finger or branchlet hairs, the apex acute, the base somewhat attenuate, the margin entire, sparsely ciliolate on older leaves; petiole to 17 mm.
Inflorescence axillary, (1)2-(3) flowered; peduncle 1--9 mm, terete, green; pedicel 10--14 mm, terete, both sparsely to densely pubescent with finger and branchlet hairs. Flower buds dome-shaped at the apex and round in cross section.
Calyx green, reflexed at anthesis, 15 mm across, the lobes deltoid, adaxially glabrous except for abundant glands, abaxially pilose with both dentritic and less commonly forked or finger hairs and glands, the margin ciliolate; at fruit maturity 26 mm across.
Corolla urceolate, the tube bright red-violet, glabrous within and 7--9 long X 10 mm wide at base, with five cavities filled with red nectar, the abaxial face pilose on veins with branchlet and finger hairs, and abundant glands on the lobes, the limb completely revolute, light blue-purple to off-white, 14 mm across, 10-lobed, the adaxial face pilosulose with finger hairs 0.2--0.3 mm long having a bulbous terminal cell, the margin ciliate
Stamens 11--14 mm; filaments off-white, pubescent on proximal 20--25% of length with simple unpigmented hairs; anthers yellow prior to dehiscence, 1.9--3 mm, sometimes pubescent near sutures, exserted 6--7 mm beyond the mouth of the corolla;
Style 9--18 mm, green, with a few hairs 0.06 mm long distally; stigma capitate, somewhat bilobed, dark green, 0.4 mm, exserted 5.5 mm beyond the anthers and 12 mm beyond the mouth of the corolla, stigma papillae 25--30 µm long; ovarian disk broad, girdling base of ovary.
Berries subspherical, pale orange to 16 mm in diameter at maturity;
seeds to 168 per berry, sub-triangular to reniform, compressed, alveolate, 1.59--1.8 X 1.23--1.47 X 0.42--0.48 mm.
Jaltomata leivae is similar to J. ventricosa (Baker) Mione of the department La Libertad, Peru. Both species have an urceolate corolla having a 10-lobed, revolute limb, abundant red to orange nectar showing through the corolla wall, exserted stamens and style, and a peduncle under one cm long. Jaltomata leivae differs by having: a) flower buds that are dome-shaped at the apex and round in cross section, b) calyx lobes deltoid, wider than long and recurved at anthesis, c) calyx and corolla abaxially pubescent with branchlet hairs, d) corolla lobes light blue-purple to off-white, and e) hairs on no more than 25% of the filament, and hairs often present on the anther. In contrast, J.ventricosa has: a) flower buds pointed at the apex and strongly 5-pointed in cross section, b) calyx lobes narrowly triangular, longer than wide, and rotate at anthesis, c) calyx and corolla abaxially glabrate, d) corolla lobes off-white, and e) hairs on 37% of the filament, and lacking on the anther.
Distribution, ecology, etymology and local name. Jaltomata leivae is known only from Peru, department Cajamarca, province Contumazá, above the town of Guzmango in a ravine near a stream, between 2560 and 2650 m. This species flowers in April, May and June, and mature fruit was noted during the type collection (June). The specific epithet was chosen by two of the authors to honor Segundo Leiva G. This species is known as “canamuela” (Leiva & Sagástegui 1839).
Paratypes. PERU. Cajamarca:
Prov. Contumazá, arriba de Guzmango, S. Leiva G. 1719 (CORD, F, HAO, MO), S. Leiva G. & Sagástegui 1839 (F, HAO);
above Guzmango, T. Mione, S. Leiva G. & L. Yacher 660 (MO).
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Branch with leaves of type collection, showing flower at center. (Photo by Mione in Peru.) |
| Below: Calyx above corolla of Jaltomata leivae (Photos by Mione, both left and right are of collection Mione, Leiva G. & Yacher 660) | Below: dwindling habitat of Jaltomata leivae. We found it growing only along the stream, and evidence of the cutting of vegetation was eveywhere including nearby. This species is known only from this locality. |
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this species was discovered by Segundo Leiva G. and Abundio Sagástegui A.
to Jaltomata home page
The information on this page may be cited as a communication with
professor Thomas Mione
Central Connecticut State University, Biology Department, Copernicus Hall, 1615 Stanley Street, New Britain, Connecticut 06050-4010, United States of America