Flowers and unripe fruits
Photo by Mione,
taken between 26 Dec 1989
and 10 Jan 1990 in Ecuador,
slide scanned Dec 2004.
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Flowers and unripe fruits
Photo by Mione, |
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Flower Photo by David Spooner, |
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In Sagástegui A. et al. (2003, page 229) the photos of a Jaltomata sp. of nothern Peru are labeled as J. viridiflora, but the photos shown are not J. viridiflora.
| Taxonomy: |
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| Atropa viridiflora Humb., Bonpl. & Kunth, Nov. gen. sp. 3: 11, t. 196. 1818. Type: COLOMBIA. Crescit in convalli Guaitarensi, inter urbem Pasto et Chilanquer, Humboldt & Bonpland 2175 (HOLOTYPE: P!; ISOTYPE: B destroyed, photo of B specimen, F neg. 2531 at GH! and NY!). Hebecladus viridiflorus (H.B.K.) Miers, London J. Bot. 4: 321. 1845. |
| Hebecladus lanceolatus Miers, London J. Bot. 4: 323. 1845. Type: ECUADOR. Hacienda de Pinantura, prope Quito, Hartweg 1301 (HOLOTYPE: K!; ISOTYPE: LD!). |
| Hebecladus mollis Miers, London J. Bot. 7: 352, t . 33. 1848. Type: COLOMBIA. Plages de Combayma, Goudot s.n. (HOLOTYPE: K!). The seemingly distinctive toothed leaf margin of this holotype was seen on plants also having entire leaves, which are characteristic of the isotype of A. viridiflora. |
| Atropa flexuosa may also be a synonym of this species (see Tropicos, http://mobot.mobot.org/cgi-bin/search_vast). |
| Character | description |
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| Habit & Height | Shrub to 2 m high, sometimes scandent |
| Leaves | entire to toothed; ovate to ovate-lanceolate, the apex acuminate |
| Flowers Per Inflorescence | (1-) 2 (-4) |
| Hairs | Leaves and young axes velutinous to less commonly puberulent with multicellular, uniseriate, unbranched finger hairs, sometimes to mostly gland-tipped. |
| Corolla color & shape | pale-green, less commonly white or pale yellow; tubular |
| Corolla size | tube (1.5-) 3 cm long, base of the tube 9 mm (perpendicular to tube length), the limb 1.2 to 2.0 cm across depending on how the flower was pressed (measurements made on pressed specimens ) |
| Corolla lobes/lobules | the five larger lobes alternate with five smaller lobules, all flaring |
| Anther length | 1.7-2.2 mm |
| Anther color | yellow |
| Style length (hermaphroditic phase) | |
| Herkogamy? | Stigma and anthers sometimes differing in height by up to 5 mm, either may be exserted. |
| Fruit color (at maturity) and size | orange ("reddish" on Fosberg 20426), 13-19 mm diam., 10-12 mm high |
| Chromosome number | n = 12 (Heiser, 1963) |
Distribution & Habitat: Andes of Western Venezuela through Ecuador, 2,500-3,400 m. Subparamo and disturbed habitats.
Local names: "uchuva blanca" (Hawkes 422); "chantilly" (KØie 5258); "uvilla comun" (Mione 458); "yerba-mora" (Luteyn 6476 & 6497); "uvilla de conejo", "la vieja" (Mexia 7586).
Uses: Fruits not eaten (Hawkes 422, Mione 458).
Seed Germination: Seeds stored in the refrigerator for years and then planted on moist potting mix showed the first above-ground signs of germination 15 and 16 days after being sown. A plug-in germination mat (warm) was under the cups in which the seeds were sown. Seeds of accession 458 were collected 28 Dec 1989, sown 12 Apr 07 with first germination 28 Apr 07. Seeds of accession 460 were collected 29 Dec 1989, sown on 12 Apr 07 with first germination on 27 Apr 07.
Venezuela . MÉRIDA: Rangel, Parte baja de la cañada de La Mucuchache, la quebrada homónima, afluente del río Chama, 3,400-3,300 m, L. Ruíz-Terán & M. Lopez-Figueiras 287 (MERF); trail leading from La Negrita to the Boquerón of the Quebrada de las Cañas, 2,990-3,300 m, J. L. Luteyn et al. 6122 (NY).
COLOMBIA. ANTIOQUIA: Municipio Jardín, Alto de Ventanas, 2,400-2,800 m, R. Callejas et al. 3917 (NY); BOYACA: hacienda Retacuba, 3,600 m, P. J. Grubb et al. 244 (K, US); CALDAS: above Salento, path to Romerales, Amarguras, Finca Sta. Inés, 3,200 m, J. G . Hawkes 422 (K); NARIÑO: N end of Laguna de la Cocha, weed on cultivated slopes, 2,850 m, F. R. Fosberg 20426 (NY); SANTANDER: quebrada de Pais, N of La Baja, ca. 3,200 m, E. P. Killip & A. C. Smith 18764 (GH, NY); Without locality, 2,300 m, M. KØie 5258 (C).
ECUADOR. AZUAY: Nudo de Portete, pass between headwaters of the ríos Tarqui and Giron, 2,744 m, W. H. Camp E-2181 (NY); CARCHI: common along Tulcán-El Carmelo road, 3,290 m, T. Mione & C. McQueen 458 & 459 (CONN), and direct (dirt) road between Tulcán and El Angel, 3,300 m, 460 (CONN); Tulcán-Pun road bank, 3,260 m, Y. Mexia 7586 (K); COTOPAXI: 12.7 km from gasoline station at N end of Pilalo, on rd to La Mana, 3,180 m, D. Spooner et al. 5091 (herbarium of T. Mione); PICHINCHA: declive oriental del Volcán Pichincha, near summit of Cruz Loma, 3,400 m, J. A. Steyermark 52383 (NY); NAPO: 10 km E of Papallacta on road to Baeza, 2,850 m, L. Holm-Nielsen et al. 6814 (NY); C HIBORAZO-CAÑAR B ORDER: Between Sta. Rosa and Joyagshi, 2,637 m, W. H. Camp E-4014 (NY).
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Ripe or nearly ripe fruits are orange.
Photo by Mione in Ecuador. |
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I longitudinally ripped away part of the corolla. Note undehisced anthers, ovary with basal disk, and conspicuous corolla lobules. When I took this I had a very cheap, screw-on macro lens. Ecuador. Photo by Mione. |
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| photo taken in April of 2004 of the Paris (type) specimen of Jaltomata viridiflora | photo is of the isotype (LD) of Hebecladus lanceolatus Miers photo taken December 2004. |